The stave is the foundation, which notes are drawn on. The modern stave comprises of five horizontal lines with four spaces in between. Notes can be drawn on both the lines and the spaces.
Ledger Lines:
When we have too many notes to fit on the stave, we use ledger lines. A ledger line is a small/short line that can be put above or below the stave depending on where the note goes that doesn't fit in the stave. This basically extends the size of the stave, so then more notes can be included.
Bar Lines:
Bar lines are the vertical lines that cover the height of the stave. They mark out the bars of the music, coming in between every single bar. So each bar line marks out the end of one bar and and the start of another.
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